RISP Infographics

Key policy milestones

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Key policy milestones. Infographic of a vertical timeline beginning in 1963 with an image of a lightbulb surrounded by machine cogs. In 1963, the first version of the Developmental Disabilities Act was passed. The DD Act funds University Centers for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities, Developmental Disabilities Councils, and Protection and Advocacy organizations in each state; and authorizes Projects of National Significance. Next is a graphic of a large institution-like building. In 1971, Medicaid began providing federal funds to improve institutions for people with IDD. Next is an image of an apple and a pencil. In 1975, PL 94-142, now the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, was passed. IDEA requires schools to educate all children with disabilities in the least restrictive setting. Next is an image of a cluster of houses. In 1981, Medicaid introduced the Home and Community-Based Services waiver. The HCBS waiver allows states to use federal Medicaid dollars to support people with disabilities living with a family member or in another community setting. Next is an image of two people standing next to a clock. In 1986, the Rehabilitation Act was passed. The Rehabilitation Act defines supported employment as a Vocational Rehabilitation services and funds supported employment grants. Next is an image of the letters “ADA”. In 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed, prohibiting discrimination based on disability. Next is an image of scales of justice. In 1999, the Supreme Court issued the Olmstead Decision, establishing the right for people with IDD to live in the most integrated setting instead of an institution. Next is an image of two hands surrounding a heart with a medical cross. In 2010, the Affordable Care Act was passed. The ACA allows states to fund home and community-based services through their Medicaid State Plan, expands federal funding for health insurance, and prohibits discrimination based on disability in federally funded health care. Next is an image of two people standing outside of a house. In 2014, the Home and Community-Based Services Rule was issued. The Rule says Medicaid HCBS funding is for services provided in integrated community settings, requires person-centered planning and conflict-free case management. Next is an image of a person in a wheelchair. In 2014, the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act was passed. WIOA defines competitive integrated employment, mandates pre-employment transition services for students with a disability, and limits access to subminimum wage jobs.

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Cite as: Residential Information Systems Project (year). [Page Name]. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, RISP, Research and Training Center on Community Living, Institute on Community Integration. Retrieved from: https://risp.umn.edu.)